II. After Sharon stares at a patch of saturated green color for a brief period of time, she looks at a white surface and sees a red patch of color. We argue that novel stimulation approaches, informed by established theories of the LC-NA system, are needed to further our understanding of the neurocognitive underpinnings of taVNS. b. d. variable interval, According to what schedule of reinforcement do slot machines in Las Vegas pay off? b. increase the velocity of conduction of the action potential across the synapse In the next part, both groups received reinforcement after navigating the maze. b. biological constraints affect learning in humans Jack and Lance are discussing how the market price of a bond is determined. d. suggestibility Growth, stability, and defensive strategies are common, a. leadership strategies. This is referred to as: Use Table earlier to find the federal income tax. what kind of correlation does this scatterplot represent? d. both an unconditioned and a conditioned stimulus c. right frontal lobe vo 9 Thng Su, 2022 vo 9 Thng Su, 2022 Wendell Phillips, Toussaint l'Ouverture. d. irrelevant variables, In experimental psychology, a significant difference (statistically significant) refers to: b. timbre of the sound wave Once she does that consistently, he praises her only when she makes the knot and a loop. In the study, cell phone use can be described as Latisha noticed that in the early evening she begins to have difficulty seeing the vibrant colors in her artwork. Which of the following is the correct path a neural impulse will follow through the different layers of the retina? These cues help individuals determine the In general, it claimed that all sounds were encoded to the brain by neurons firing at a rate that mimics the frequency of the sound. b. naturalistic observation e. hippocampus, After an electrode implanted in a cat's brain stimulates the cat's amygdala, the cat will most likely do which of the following? A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can incorporate laws, hypotheses and facts. Raul wants to teach his daughter Sonia to tie her shoes. I. Behaviorism c. fixed interval b. transduction What aspect of the assessment is she evaluating? a. frontal lobe b. difference not likely due to faulty design d. delta, The deepest stages of sleep are associated with which specific brain wave pattern? Which of the following studies in the field of social psychology met with the greatest criticism about the ethical issues involved? a. touch to the body e. running one participant at a time, A psychologist designed a study to test the effects of cell phone use on driving safety. Later, however, she cannot remember the names of any of her new acquaintances, even though she remembers what she ate, her old friends who were there, and the address of the host. d. adults with aphasia e. protect the terminal buttons of the neuron from destruction by enzymes, a. an abnormality in the brain tissue of the left hemisphere, An individual was admitted to the hospital after experiencing a mild tingling on the right side of the face and a sudden inability to speak. e. positron emission tomography (PET), Mary participates in an exercise program because she experiences an increase in energy and feelings of well-being at the end of each exercise session. Which of the following is an example of an individual who demonstrates an internal locus of control? a. bipolar cells Which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception? d. a random variable a. sleep deprivation Which of the following is the best example of fluid intelligence? What type of parenting did Darien experience? a. anosmia Suzie's behavior is best explained by e. punished, Pavlov's dog has stopped salivating to the sound of a bell. c. behavioral change b. psychosis e. speed up the transmission of synaptic neurotransmitters, Difficulty in typing smoothly on a keyboard would most likely result from damage to the Place. Frost is following which approach to psychology? b. sensory cortex a. reliability d. ganglion cells The water has smudged a few words, but she is still able to understand what the letter says. Which of the following best fits the physical properties of the color's light waves? While the actual fundamental frequency can be precisely determined through physical measurement, it may differ from the perceived pitch because of overtones, or partials, in the sound. A few weeks later, Pavlov placed the dog back into the lab setting and rings a bell (without presenting the UCS). There are two theories as to how we perceive pitch: The frequency theory of hearing suggests that as a sound wave's pitch changes, nerve impulses of a corresponding frequency enter the auditory nerve. He becomes anxious in social situations, so he avoids them. c. conditioned response Answer: a Page Reference: 150- 0.85 The victim precipitation theory suggests that the characteristics of the victim precipitate the crime. Frequency After a few treatments, the patient begins having a sick feeling whenever entering the treatment room. Although his eyes were functioning normally, he was unable to see. d. occipital lobe A psychological researcher designs a study to determine whether positive feedback affects self-esteem. He finds that the size of an adult's skull remains the same from one measurementto the next, but he finds that skull circumference is not a very good predictor of intelligence. d. stage 4 d. negative reinforcement Size constancy explains why a. objects are perceived as having constant dimensions regardless of distance. Their theories were known as telephone theories due to the similarity between the waveform of speech sound in a telephone line and the incoming sound signal to the human brain. a. amygdala When I was prowling in the king's private library, in Paris, M. Barbier placed in my hands two of the most precious tomes, the folio "Evangelistarium," or prayer-book of Charlemagne, and the 4to. d. our inclination to follow a predetermined set of steps to process sound a. generalization b. hippocampus d. serotonin a. difference threshold Humanism d. sensitivity d. random variables, d. seeks to establish a cause-effect relationship, The most distinctive characteristic of the experimental method is that it: b. somnambulism From the very beginning, when the human . Place That is, a criminal could single out a victim because the victim is of a certain ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, gender or gender identity. c. inattentional blindness e. the REM stage, Sleep spindles occur in which stage of sleep? a. angular gyrus Law of prgnanz. a. slowed respiration c. sickness In Philip Zimbardo's Stanford prison experiment, young men were assigned roles as either guards or prisoners. b. a behavioral consequence How much should the firm produce to maximize profit? c. auditory complex c. linear perspective b. discrimination c. social-cognitive behavior theory e. the just-noticeable difference, Ana injured her eye in an accident and has to wear a patch over the eye while it heals. b. humanistic a. marijuana Consider, for instance, the word "algorithm," which derives from the name of al-Khwarizmi, a scientist who made major contributions to the fields of mathematics, astronomy and geography. Later, in his psychology class, he viewed the image above and readily identified it as a rabbit instead of a duck. You smile at me, most learned clerks of Oxenford, yet I believe the critics are correct. d. substance P e. her optic chiasm is not correctly transferring color neural impulses, e. rods and cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, optic nerve, Which of the following is the correct path a neural impulse will follow through the different layers of the retina? Consistent with the concept of neural plasticity, neurons in mammals have been found to change the way they function as a result of repeated stimulation by doing which of the following? d. behavioral ; ; Frost for therapy because she has suddenly stopped speaking. Which of the following is a type of reasoning that Sam is using to come to this conclusion? First he praises her when she manipulates her shoelaces in any way. e. sensory sensitivity, In 1848, Phineas Gage, a railroad construction foreman, survived when an explosion drove an iron rod through his head. d. a problem related to hunger A. when a bystander is the only one present. This occurs because alcohol interferes with the brain's ability to form new memories in the a. alpha c. paralysis b. less sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea When he was much older, he received a corneal transplant that allowed him to see again. Dr. Atlantic Control Company (ACC) purchased a machine two years ago at a cost of $70,000. d. sympathetic nervous system which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception? Sound Localization As a result of being hypnotized, an individual may not feel the hypnotist touching her arm because of, In Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation experiment, infants who were classified as securely attached were more likely to, Amanda experienced discomfort in class. e. hypothalamus, Which of the following conditions most often results from having an extra copy of chromosome 21? The dependent variable in this study is the a. confirmation bias a. basilar membrane Opponent process Frequency Place D. II and III only On an intelligence test, the number of questions an individual answers correctly is meaningless without which of the following? Which type of research does the scenario describe? c. statistical significance The data above represent research findings by Bibb Latan and colleagues. Participants were randomly assigned either to drive an automobile simulator while talking to a friend on a cell phone or to drive a simulator without talking on a phone. b. a study of relationships among family members Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a doctor would likely find, In the first part of an experiment, one group of rats received reinforcement after correctly navigating a maze. c. Jean Piaget Frequency The short-run aggregate supply curve? He now finds himself fearful of other bells, like bicycle bells and doorbells. Mitzi looked up prices of 13 used Chevrolet HHR "retro" trucks in the classified ads and found these prices: $8,500,$8,500, $8,500,$9,900, $10,800,$10,800, $11,000,$12,500, $12,500,$13,000, $13,000,$14,500, and $23,000. e. Gestalt, Raul wants to teach his daughter Sonia to tie her shoes. She found no significant difference in cognitive processing between the two groups. \end{array} a. connectionalism The ratio of mental age to chronological age for a child of average intelligence is, People were asked to sign a petition in support of a political candidate. c. perceptual constancy a. the blind spot is very small, and no visual stimuli are likely to be so small that the blind spot completely obscures them d. subliminal perception Mary is introduced to three new people at a party. c. somatoform disorders What method would the participant be using? d. Weber's Law b. the perception that it is rooted in biological science rather than in psychological science My interest in music education is the pedagogy and notation of the meter and rhythm concerning the ski-hill graph (Cohn, 2020). B. intelligence scores increase across generations. b. the cerebellum d. factors that make a person feel accepted by others Which of the following is an example of a cognitive distortion according to Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy model of treatment? c. repressed He believes that the answer lies within her unconscious mind. Which of the following structures is part of the vestibular system? d. Sigmund Freud developed his theory of dreaming by waking individuals from REM sleep Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken? a. electric shock which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception? b. beta Stage 2 c. cochlea Our sense of taste originally was thought to involve only the following four sensations. Find the interquartile range. c. the effects of rewards and punishments on a child's behavior. MACRS depreciation will be used, and the machine will be depreciated over its 3-year class life rather than its four-year economic life. Research has shown that a major reason for poor performance while multitasking is that while multitasking, people, Henry took an intelligence test and scored lower than he thought he should. After several pairings of touch and vinegar, the dog began to salivate as soon as it was touched and before it was given the vinegar. d. narcolepsy, What does an electroencephalograph (EEG) measure? c. hypothalamus TaxableincomeFilingstatus$40,317Single\begin{array}{} Which of the following describes the problem-solving approach that Kathy is using? b. variable ratio The term "neuromarketing" was coined in 2002 by Smidts (2002).Still, the first fMRI investigation in neuromarketing was conducted in 2004 by McClure et al. e. the sensory cortex, Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken? b. latent content d. control variable, Professor Jones carefully watches and records the behaviors of children on the playground in order to track the development of their physical skills. c. random assignment Which monocular depth cue is illustrated in the figure above? d. identical twins who are reared apart have similar levels of intelligence. b. improved memory function e. Broca's area, Another name for the mingling of the senses in which a person may experience sounds as colors or taste as touch sensations or different shapes is: The place theory of hearing suggests that we hear different pitches because different areas of the cochlea respond to higher and lower pitches. a. the perceived uniformity and size of a stimulus a. temporal lobes d. interposition The ability to see a cube in the diagram above is best explained by which of the following? c. independent variable a. survey research During a quiz, a student is asked, "Which is more common in the English language, the letter "k" as the first letter in a word or the letter "k" as the third letter in a word?" d. consciousness, A sleep disorder in which there is a temporary stoppage of breathing during the deepest sleep cycle is called Which of the following research findings supports a strong biological basis for behavior? c. types of differentiation plans. c. the hippocampus A polygraph machine is often called a "lie detector," although it does not detect lies. The three main strands can be described as place, time, and place-time theories. a. priming The researcher subsequently compares the two groups' test scores using a t-test and concludes p=.05 c. parallel processing b. validity In this example, skull circumference as a measure of intelligence is, Standard deviation is a measure of how much, Cognitive psychologists are most likely to study. Bipolar cells relay information to ganglion cells that form the optic nerve. e. location of the source, in the morning, Jorge watched a cartoon about a sarcastic rabbit. b. longitudinal study After so many years of not being able to see, he had a very difficult time interpreting visual information such as faces and expressions. b. Electroocnlography (EOG) d. stimulus detection thresholds a. correlational study During treatment, her psychologist works to develop a therapeutic relationship with Felicia so that Felicia can explore her potential as a person. Raul's actions are an example of which of the following techniques? e. decreased heart rate, Theta brain wave patterns occur in which specific stage of sleep? c. observing an aggressive model leads to aggressive behavior by the observer b. parietal lobe a. statistical significance Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. d. an abnormal growth in the right frontal lobe c. parietal lobe An evolutionary psychologist would explain that humans desire social interaction, social acceptance, and social affiliation due to a need for e. conduct an experiment, d. the distribution of scores for the test is positively skewed, While reviewing scores from a chapter test, a teacher discovered that the mean score was higher than the median. b. feature detection Her failure to notice the smell of garlic illustrates. in the drawing above denotes which of the following structures? The independent variable in this study is the These changes are most closely related to the function of the c. the presence of a confounding variable d. spontaneous recovery, In a set of studies, Ivan Pavlov first touched a dog lightly on the side of its body and a few seconds later placed vinegar on the dog's tongue. a. fovea d. extend the tongue e. closure, d. transfer sound information from the tympanic membrane to the oval window, The general function of the bones of the middle ear is to: Which of the following is most likely to be the focus of study for a behavioral psychologist? Which of the following best explains this phenomenon? c. narcolepsy a. perceptual constancy b. sweetened water a. b. the standard deviation is equal to the mean c. reticular formation ; The volley principle holds that different groups of receptor cells may encode information by firing in rapid succession. a. the drug b. hidden observer/ divided consciousness theory e. pituitary gland, Which of the following correctly describes the firing of neurons? b. the blind spot e. as numerous as cones are all over the retina, A small area in the center of the retina that contains no rods but many densely packed cones that gives us excellent visual acuity is called the: a. a decrease in change blindness results from exposure to a carpentered world A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms? b. lost the sense of smell Fluoxetine (Prozac ) has been shown to reduce depression primarily by. B.. a. bar graph e. sensory adaptation, e. the brain fills in missing information so there is no awareness that the visual field is incomplete, A reason that one typically does not notice a blind spot in the visual field is that Now Jeff's children use bad language. Frost uses techniques intended to uncover Eva's unconscious thoughts and experiences. c. a stimulus substitution c. discrimination Stage 2 The person's reaction is most directly enabled by Role of place theory in distinguishing vocal sounds. c. sensory adaptation c. rehearsal When viewed from the window of a moving train, nearby objects seem to pass by more quickly than do more distant objects. AP Psychology Unit 4: Sensation and Perception, Crossover 2 Unit 1 Section D The importance o, TopHat Chem Ch09: Strengths of covalent bonds, TopHat Chem Ch8: Non-covalent interactions, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. 13.Which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception? d. control, e. both an unconditioned and a conditioned response, In Ivan Pavlov's experiments in classical conditioning, the dog's salivation was: This would mean that a given hair cell would fire action potentials related to the frequency of the sound wave. b. as large as possible In reality, both theories explain different aspects of pitch perception. In this view, rather than sending up a huge a. d. skin temperature, A hormone produced by the pineal gland that when released causes a person to feel tired and when reduced, allows a person to become awake is called b. short wavelength; large amplitude This theory is founded npon optical principles ; for as vision is effected by rays of light, reflected from lumi nous bodies to the eye ; consequently the rays become weaker to the eye, in proportion to the length of their passage through the air, before they arrive at the pupil. a. punishment d. reduce the amount of unused neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft In these studies which of the following was the conditioned stimulus? c. gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Immediately his pupils dilated, he began to perspire, and his heart accelerated. A tumor that destroys the ventromedial hypothalamus is likely to produce which of the following? b.continuity c. proximity d. axons When he was much older, he received a corneal transplant that allowed him to see again. The theory of gravitation, for instance, explains why apples fall from trees and astronauts float in space. The learning that occurred in the second group in the absence of reinforcement is called, Research studies indicate that people who are intrinsically motivated as compared to people who are extrinsically motivated tend to, Tina is reading an important letter when she accidentally splashes water on the paper. a. fixed ratio After spending hours in her kitchen preparing dinner, Rebecca no longer notices the strong smell of garlic until her guests arrive and mention the smell. c. an experiment to determine the effect of a food reward on the bar-pressing rate of a rat II. c. a spinal reflex Opponent process . c. the quality of a stimulus and the likelihood that it is perceived as pleasurable What hormone seems to be most closely linked with aggressive behavior? c. result that indicates a correlation equal to 1.0 edition of Ossian. for conciseness) which says that we tend to. c. visual stimuli usually affect the occipital cortex in both hemispheres which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception? When viewed from the window of a moving train, nearby objects seem to pass by more quickly than do more distant objects. a. b. blocking activity of monoamine oxidase in the brain b.noise level d. a primary reinforcer He has adapted to this level of stress and is coping. d. people develop perceptual hypothesis based on experiences in their lives Dr. a. psychophysics Which of the following best explains her difficulty? However, by lunchtime, he did not even notice the smell.

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