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He was admitted to a hospital... Staff Reporter Touted as Chinese President Xi Jinping’s brainchild, this ambitious project, the One Belt One Road initiative focuses on improving connectivity and cooperation among Asian countries, Africa, China and Europe. Pakistan lies in very close proximity to China. These groups also strongly oppose foreign intervention, including by the Chinese, and will constitute a challenge to CPEC. Among the various challenges mentioned, the one obstacle that may pose the greatest threat may be Pakistan’s highly hierarchical and corrupt class system. Many thanks! The goal is to recreate the old Silk Road, which flourished during the Han Dynasty in China between 207 BCE and 220 CE. This telecommunications connection will bring Chinese and Western culture, movies, and television to Pakistan (Economist, 2016). This initiative involves China spending over $3 trillion during the next several decades on infrastructure investments in 68 countries. For Pakistan this gigantic project is a game changer. One Belt One Road. A new development in the economic and region of South Asia has so far been witnessed by the 21st century. In 1900 China was attacked by the eight-nation alliance consisting of Russia, Britain, France, USA, Germany, Italy, Austro-Hungary and suffered the loss of lives and national treasures that ended up in Museums like the British Museum London and the Louvre in Paris. As a result Islamic doctrines, laws, and institutions have been a part of Pakistan since the beginning. One Belt One Road (OBOR) or 一带一路 (Yī Dài Yī Lù) has gotten more and more attention (it was People Daily’s most discussed […] The emphasis is on enhancing land as well as maritime routes. These groups have carried out a number of terrorist attacks in Pakistan including the bombing of a bus carrying government employees in Peshawar on March 17, 2017, killing 17 and injuring at least 53. The military has stepped in several times since 1947, declaring martial law and replacing incompetent and corrupt national governments. The anti-CPEC lobby in Pakistan and other countries have been very critical of this project and some have even called this initiative the second East India Company claiming that this will result in the colonization of Pakistan! Pakistan lags behind other South Asian countries in economic and social development. The Yuan Dynasty based in China was basically part of the Mongolian empire. Any doubts about the Chinese intentions or motives for the CPEC project should be put to rest once for all. Although the Chinese are adept at creating safe places for their workers, there will be a continual threat of violence against its citizens in Pakistan. 1. (2017), China Will Suppress Terrorism, Diversity, and Democracy in Pakistan. Accessed 20, June, 2017), Economist, (2016), One Belt, One Road: an Economic Roadmap, (online), Economist Intelligence Unit. The Safe Cities initiative, for instance, is primarily designed to safeguard Chinese workers from Pakistani terrorists, but it will also transform many of Pakistan’s cities. Working on extending and improving the Karakoram highway has begun and Chinese workers are now working on expanding the port in Gwadar. The Chinese Government plans to invest about 60 billion dollars in infrastructure developments in Pakistan. So what exactly is OBOR? “One Belt, One Road” (OBOR) Initiative, is the name of a plan to revive and better the spirit of the old silk road and a step towards realising the prophecy of the Asian century. This initiative involves China spending over $3 trillion during the next several decades on infrastructure investments in 68 countries. In 2014, China initiated a massive economic development project called One Belt One Road (OBOR). While India functioned as a quasi-independent country during this period, it was in fact ruled by London. Pakistan can certainly use better roads and an up-dated and efficient railway system, and the project may help modernize Pakistan’s traditional, outdated, and very inefficient agricultural system. Although the road from the Chinese border to the port of Gwadar is not yet finished, trucks are now travelling from Kashan, Xinjiang Province, China to Abbottabad in Pakistan. In part the “safe cities” project is designed to keep Chinese workers safe. Whether it benefits Pakistan remains a question. China’s decision to temporarily stop funding at least three road projects in Pakistan affiliated with the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) component of Beijing’s ambitious multi-trillion dollar One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative has left Islamabad “stunned,” reports DAWN. Attacks on Chinese citizens in Pakistan have already taken place and will continue. The policy is significant for China since it aims to boost domestic growth in the country. It is a critical necessity and a lifeline of future consequences that can help to lift our society out of poverty, misery, illiteracy and social conflict including unemployment. This rural population is unlikely to receive much benefit from CPEC since most of the investments are directed to the cities or to the wealthier areas. Grant Farr is a Professor Emeritus at Portland State University. Pakistan borders China’s Xinjiang Province in the north, albeit at an elevation of over 15,000 feet. If the project can truly create jobs and wealth for the average Pakistani, CPEC will be a great success. bandwidth bills to ensure we keep our existing titles free to view. Available at: http://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/power/china-pakistan-economic-corridor-fuels-fears-of-social-upheaval/58568559 [Accessed 20, June, 2017], Corr, A. (Online) Economic Times Bureau. However, China has done this before in other parts of the world, although not on this scale, and has worked with governments more corrupt than Pakistan’s. Experts have noted that OBOR is also a part of China’s strategy for economic diplomacy. This clash of cultures is particularly exhibited in the tension between the military, dominated by the Pashtun, and the Punjabis who control the apparatus of the national government. Projects like CPEC and OBOR have opened up the ways for South Asians and another region to tie knots with each other. He has written numerous articles and books on Iran and Afghanistan. Other groups include the Kashmiris, the Brahuis, and the Saraikis from Multan. Increasing calls in Baluchistan for the creation of a separate state and ensuing armed conflict pose an enormous challenge to the corridor. That bomb killed at least 70. Will CPEC be good for Pakistan? In the eyes of some of the militant Islamic groups in Pakistan not only did the United States invade Afghanistan and Iraq, but it also supports Israel, the great enemy of Islam. Since then, much has transpired and the plan has increased in scope. Your donations allow us to invest in new open access titles and pay our Minister of planning Ahsan Iqbal played a key role and Sartaj Aziz too did a yeoman service for pushing CPEC forward. And because Pakistan and China have a border linkage, you can drive to Pakistan and come back, so it would be a good convenience to involve in One Belt and One Road initiative. Chinese merchants were very active in Malaysia and the volume of trade was astounding for the mutual benefit of both countries. CPEC will no doubt bring money to Pakistan, but it is not clear that it will “impact the standard of the common people.”  Given Pakistan’s level of corruption and a rigid class system in which most of the nation’s wealth goes to a very small upper class, it is doubtful that much of the inflow of capital will help the “common people.” More likely CPEC will enrich the already rich. Pakistan’s Prime Minster Nawaz Sharif visited China in April of 2017 as part of a meeting of nations involved in OBOR. They came as far as the Indus in the sub-continent but never colonized the area that they could have done easily. China has traded with many countries of South and southeast Asia for the last two thousand years. CPEC is a flagship project of One Belt One Road China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) – a billions of dollars mega economic project – is actually the leading manifestation of … It was only in 1949 that China emerged from the ravages of war and destruction and under the leadership of giants like Mao and Chou en Lai that the People’s Republic of China was established. The initiative will also develop major industrial, agriculture, and energy centers in the participating countries, all linked to Chinese institutions (Economist, 2016). The route is now planned to run largely through the Punjab and Sindh provinces. The Chinese will likely take most of the skilled and management positions. While these plans have yet to materialize, once achieved, it could ostensibly open … support open access publishing. Starting country: China . In addition, CPEC, and with it China’s cultural and economic incursion into Pakistan, is reminiscent to many of the British Raj during which the Indian subcontinent was ruled by Britain from 1858 to 1947. China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Debt Trap or Soft Power Catalyst? This project will also build a brand new telecommunications network linking Pakistan with China and via China to Europe. Finally, the representatives of China and Pakistan signed a cooperation agreement and exchanged souvenirs. Militant Islamic movements can be traced back to the beginning of Pakistan, but the large increase occurred in the 1980’s when the United States and Saudi Arabia, among others, poured considerable amounts of money into creating Madrasehs, Islamic schools, on the Afghan-Pakistan border. China and Pakistan fall out over Belt and Road frameworks. The Chinese bring in their own workers, technicians, managers, and security personnel, and use very little local labor. The lack of educational or economic opportunity causes young men to turn their anger towards outsiders or minorities. But the disenchantment of many in Pakistan, especially young men, is a major reason for the turn towards radical Islam. In addition, many of these groups have the tacit support of the Pakistan military. The goal is to recreate the old Silk Road, which flourished during the Han Dynasty in China between 207 BCE and 220 CE. Any Heads of state of Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Myanmar and high-level delegations from Bangladesh and Nepal will be attending the two-day Belt and Road Forum in China. In short, the Pakistani military, and to some degree the Pakistani government as a whole, find the militant Islamic groups useful and are therefore reluctant to crackdown on them. All the progress and development in China is a result of back breaking labour and not by loot and plunder beyond their own borders. One Belt One Road Project (OBOR) “One Belt, One Road” (OBOR) Initiative, is the name of a plan to revive and better the spirit of the old silk road and a step towards realising the … The only time in history when China expanded beyond its defined borders was when Changez Khan and his descendants conquered huge lands in China, Asia, and Eastern Europe. We’ve also landed to many … One Belt One Road - CPEC- Pakistan. Before you download your free e-book, please consider donating to syed Ali Yahya Tirmizi says: September 18, 2016 at 6:59 am . Pakistan’s political leaders are very high on the project. These ethnic groups include the Punjabis, who make up about 45 percent of the national population and dominate the national government; the Pashtun, a tribally based group who live in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province and make up about 17 percent of Pakistan’s population; the Sindhis who live in large feudal estates in Sindh Province including the city of Karachi, and makes up about 14 percent of the country’s population; the Baluch who live in the relatively poor areas of Baluchistan and make up less than 4 percent of Pakistan’s population; and the Muhajirs, who are the descendants of the refugees who fled India in 1947 and who do not have a province of their own, but reside in Karachi and areas around that city and make up about 8 percent of the country’s population. Abstract. ... and that is one of the reasons it is looking for concessions on loans for the ML-1 project. Available at:  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/haroon-khalid/why-india-needs-pakistan-_b_9180070.html [Accessed 25 June, 2017], Shah, R. (2017), China’s Trouble with Pakistan’s Turbulent Democracy (online) The Diplomat, Available at:  http://thediplomat.com/2017/01/chinas-trouble-with-pakistans-turbulent-democracy/ [Accessed 20, June 2017], UNDP, (2016), 2016 Human Development Report. While this project will no doubt create safer cities, many are concerned that much of the traditional areas of some of these historic cities will be destroyed to build newer, albeit safer, neighborhoods (Corr, 2017). (2017), China-Pakistan-Economic Corridor Fuels Fear of Social Upheaval. One Belt One Road Countries List. It will certainly bring jobs and money to Pakistan and it will enrich some Pakistanis. In addition, it is doubtful that this investment will create jobs in Pakistan, particularly meaningful jobs. This reflects the strategic significance of One Belt and One Road to the future economic development of China’s domestic regions. Pakistan also presents has a number of social and economic problems that will create barriers for the ultimate success of the project. There will soon be over 15,000 Chinese workers in Pakistan. China does not have a good reputation in the Islamic world and has not shown tolerance for Muslim groups within China, especially its treatment of the Uygur in Xinjiang province. They have traded with India for spices, with the Persians for gems, with Malaya, Sri Lanka. China Overseas Port Holding Company plans to expand Gwadar Port, constructing nine, new multipurpose berths along 3.2km of seafront to the east of the existing berths. CEPEC will also result in the development of some initiatives of cultural and civic importance for example the safe city project, training the local police force and cultural improvement initiatives. Because of this, in part, a number of militant Baluch separatist groups have formed and have been causing trouble. The Pakistani military and the secretive and powerful Inter-Services Intelligence, the military intelligence agency of Pakistan, supported and participated in this effort. He has lived and worked for many years in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. “This conspiratorial plan, CPEC, is not acceptable to the Baluch people under any circumstances”, a spokesperson for the groups reported (AlJazeera, 2017). The obvious case is the new highway being built as part of the initiative between Kashgar and Gwader. This ancient Silk Road connected China with the Middle East, Africa, and Europe using caravan routes through Central and South Asia. For one, some of these groups have been used in the fight against India, Pakistan’s great enemy. amount, in any currency, is appreciated. The Indian claim is that they oppose this project because it passes through Indian Territory meaning the areas of Kashmir under Pakistani control. However, the Baluch have the lowest standard of living of any ethnic group in Pakistan and feel alienated from the Pakistani power structure. These religions schools were used largely to recruit and train Afghan Mujahedeen to fight against the Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan. 8 countries in South Asia: Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Afghan, Nepal, Maldives, Bhutan Considering China’s exclusion from G7, OBOR policy might just provide China an opportunity to continue its economic development. (Online) Forbes, Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/anderscorr/2017/05/15/china-will-suppress-terrorism-diversity-and-democracy-in-pakistan/ – 662cb4db5cd6. (Online) AlJazeera. Last year President Xi came here (India) and announced $20 billion worth of investment and $30 billions in the whole of South Asia. Also, from the perspective of political security, CPEC and Gwadar project have a strategic role in protecting the security of Western China and Pakistan. 24, 2015 8 … Karachi One of the routes in the original plan, referred to as the Western Route, was to go through the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. Pakistan was created in 1947 as an avowedly Muslim country. Keywords: CPEC, China-Pakistan, Bilateral Tarde, FTA, FDI, One Belt and One Road Introduction China's "One Belt and One Road" (OBOR) initiative is trying to usher a new era of economic and regional diplomacy along the breadth and length of Asia, Europe and Africa. Introduction. Available at:  http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/05/gunmen-kill-10-labourers-balochistan-gwadar-170513111330168.html [Accessed, 9, July, 2017], Chaudhary, D.R. Non Resident Pakistanis can now invest in Mutual Funds with Al... Jahangir Tareen ‘receives assurance’ of meeting with PM Imran from Islamabad, President Alvi says Pakistan highly values its bilateral relations with KSA, Quetta blast: PM Imran Khan expresses deep sorrow. However, although Islamic political parties have always been active, in the last couple of decades, a new kind of Islamic militancy has emerged. Can China Link the Belt and Road Initiative by Rail. On the contrary, the Portuguese came in 1511, the Dutch in the 18th century and finally the British all these European countries colonized Malaysia one after the other. Other parts of the project, including the Safe Cities project, are also already under way. Engineering Construction Management, One Belt One Road, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, Pakistan. Apart from political differences one must give due credit where it is due. The growing scope of one-belt one-road in Pakistan We first covered China’s growing ambitions in Pakistan in early 2015 here. However, after the withdrawal of the Soviet Union from Afghanistan in 1989, these Islamic insurgent groups turned against Pakistan itself. The launch of CPEC has resulted in investment to the tune of USD 46 billion. For instance, although the official language of Pakistan is Urdu, (and English), Urdu is only spoken as a native language by about 8 percent of the population. He is now working on a book on Afghan refugees. Gwadar fisherfolk worry about One Belt One Road For CPEC the Gwadar port is being built fast, leaving local fisherfolk terrified about loss of homes and livelihood. Economically CPEC may be beneficial for Pakistan, although it will create a heavy debt burden for the country. One Belt and One Road: Impact on China-Pakistan Economic Corridor 149 OBOR among the partner nations. Militant Islamic groups in Pakistan are also a product of a profound and deep hatred of the West, especially, but not only, the United States. However, Pakistan has many problems that will challenge the success of the CPEC project, including regional and ethnic tensions and rivalries, and the increasing activities of Islamic militant groups. However, the route was changed by Islamabad to avoid that province. One of the problems that is already facing CPEC is Pakistan’s regional and ethnic differences and conflicts. Now China is … Radical Islamic movements do not occur out of thin air, but are a result of deep dissatisfaction with the present political and social malaise in Pakistan. Part of this amount will be in loans on soft terms which Pakistan will be under obligation to pay. The two systems are struggling to work together and the Chinese are already puzzled at Islamabad apparent inability to make and enforce decisions. Regional and ethnic rivalries and feuds have played a major role in Pakistan’s short history. One of the most important countries in this project is definitely Pakistan. Over two thousand years ago they were a mighty naval power and an economic powerhouse to contend with. 6, No. While such massive demonstrations and protests are not anticipated, there will be considerable ethnic and regional pushback against the projects. Except for Afghanistan, Pakistan is ranked the lowest among South Asian countries, including India, Myanmar, and Bangladesh, on issues such as women’s rights, literacy, public health, and has the highest levels of social inequality (UNDP, 2016). Pakistani politicians have argued that the project will “produce equal opportunities for all regions of Pakistan”. Also, Pakistanis have demanded American aircraft and drones halt flying over Pakistani territory. In all their dealings with other countries the Chinese have shown decency, honesty and respect for the sovereign rights of all the nations they have dealt with. Pakistan is next door to the Chinese province of Xinjiang in the North at a height of over 15000 feet. In 2014, China initiated a massive economic development project called One Belt One Road (OBOR). Ahmad, R and Mi, (2017), China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and Its Social Implication on Pakistan:  How Will CPEC Boost Pakistan’s Infrastructures and Overcome the Challenges?, Arts and Social Science Journal, 8(2), pp. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI, or B&R), known in Chinese and formerly in English as One Belt One Road (Chinese: 一带一路) or OBOR for short, is a global infrastructure development strategy adopted by the Chinese government in 2013 to invest in nearly 70 countries and international organizations. The One Belt One Road covers a lot of countries and regions in the world. “One Belt and One Road: Impact on China-Pakistan Economic Corridor”, a research paper authored by Shafei Moiz Hali, Dr. Tan Shukui and Sumera Iqbal, published by Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad (ISSI) 2. The dream of this initiative was converted into reality by the regime of Nawaz Sharif who was the driving force behind this effort. and the Chinese showed little interest during this time and the project was stalled for many years. China will succeed. One Belt One Road (OBOR) will surely connect "hearts" in countries along with the roads. In total, in 2016 Islamic militant groups killed 380 Pakistani citizens. The Pakistan part of the larger project is referred to as the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, CPEC. Some have called Pakistan a “failed state” (Khalid, 2017), since the government seems unable or unwilling to curb the violence. One target of these groups is the religious minorities in Pakistan, including the small Christian minority and the Shia Muslims whom they consider heretics and idol-worshipers. Baluch nationalists oppose the project, as it could ultimately turn the demographic balance against them as other ethnic groups move into the province. Also, increasingly active in Pakistan are elements of the Islamic State, al-Qaeda, and the Afghan Taliban. China’s ‘One Belt One Road’ project will include overland and maritime trade routes between China and Europe (CNN) On Sunday, 28 heads of state, 100 lower-level government officials, and 1,200 delegates from 110 countries will attend China’s “One Belt One Road” (OBOR) forum in Beijing. All of these projects will be built according to Chinese plans, with Chinese labor, and connected to Chinese businesses. CPEC will result in the development of industrial parks, agricultural farms, railways, airports, highways, fibre optics network, energy generating projects and a high speed train between Karachi and Peshawar travelling at a speed of 160 km per hour. British rule ended, in part, when massive demonstrations and protest made governing untenable. S great enemy other Chinese projects in Pakistan and Terrorism: China-Pakistan economic Corridor, Pakistan ’ s province... 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