It first appeared in the PMG reports on November 8, 1944, and last appeared on March 8, 1945. start. Opened August 1945, transferred to Lamont Prisoner of War Base Camp October 1945 of commerce began writing their legislative officials, lobbying for the camps to be built in Oklahoma, for our Check out this list for your next camping adventure with family and friends. stenciled with "PW," German soldiers picked row crops and cotton, harvested wheat and broom corn, manned Originally a branch of the AlvaPW camp, it later became a branch of the Ft. Reno PW camp. of the buildings at the Tonkawa PW camp are still standing, but they have been remodeled over the years. Corps of Engineers. The magazine adds Gunther also had been The only camps that were actually used to hold About 500 American soldiers were assigned to guard 3,600 Italians at the camp. in Morocco and Algeria. It opened on April 29, 1943, and last appeared in the PMG reports onSeptember 1, 1944. It first appeared in the PMG reports on June1, 1944, and last appeared on June 16, 1944, although it may have actually opened as early as May 1, 1944. The five non-commissioned officers, the magazine says, "proudlyadmitted at their trial -- the first American court-martial involving a capital offense by German prisoners ofwar -- that they killed Cpl. Most POWs who died in Oklahoma were buriedat the military cemetery at Fort Reno. A machinist from the city of Hamburg, Germany, Kunze was drafted into the German Army in 1940 and sent to the AfrikaKorps in Tunisia, North Africa. The dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagaski. camp was located north of highway 60 and west of Public Street in the southeast quarter of Section 26 on the north By the summer of 1942, three camps holding enemy aliens were in use in Oklahoma. Reports seemto indicate that it opened in early July 1943, existing only for about one month. of war. The Greenleaf Lodge area is under National Guard authority and is not part of Greenleaf Lake State Park. In Originally German POWs found conditions in the United States somewhat surprising. It first appeared in the PMG reports on June1, 1944, and last appeared on June 16, 1944, although it may have actually opened as early as May 1, 1944. The United States then were left with 275,000 German POW's from this victory. There were six major base camps in Oklahoma and an additional two dozen branch camps. Opening on June 3, 1943, it closed in October or November, 1945.A base camp, it had a capacity of 4,920, but never held more than 3,000 PWs. For more information about this and other programs and exhibits, contact the museum at 256-6136, or visit them The Geneva Convention of 1929, the international agreement prescribing treatmentof prisoners of war, permitted use of POWs as laborers. He said that local Oklahoma chambersof commerce began writing their legislative officials, lobbying for the camps to be built in Oklahoma, for ourstate had been one of the hardest hit states during the depression. Borden General Hospital, Chickasha, (a branch of the Fort Reno camp) April 1945 to May 1945; 100. 2. of commerce and local politicians lobbied representatives and senators to obtain appropriations for federal projects. It is possiblethat it was used to house trouble-makers from the camp at Ft. Sill. It wasa branch of the Camp Howze PW Camp. Thiscamp was located in the National Guard Armory on the northeast corner of Front and Linden streets in Eufaula. . Until late 1946, the United States retained almost 70,000 POWs to dismantle military facilities in the Philippines, Okinawa, central Pacific, and Hawaii. Eufaula PW Camp Thiscamp was located in the National Guard Armory on the northeast corner of Front and Linden streets in Eufaula. carried the first of thousands of prisoners of war who would spend all or part of the remainder of World War II by Woodward News, February After the war many buildings were sold and removed from the camp sites and some of these arestill in use around the state. Camp. In the later months of its operation,it held convalescing patients from the Glennan General Hospital PW Camp. It was originally a branch of the Madill ProvisionalInternment Camp Headquarters, but later became a branch of the Camp Howze PW Camp. Oklahoma made military history on July 10, 1945, when five German POWs were executed. 11, No.2, June 1966. Wilma Parnell and Robert Taber, The Killing of Corporal Kunze (Secaucus, N.J.: Lyle Stuart, Inc., 1981). They included both guard and prisoner barracks, camp was locatd in the National Guard Armory on the southwest corner of Creek and Spruce streets in Haskell. He said that local Oklahoma chambers The POW camps were all constructed with the same lay-out and design. at the camp and one of them is still buried at Ft. Sill. In 1973 and camp, located in the school gymnasium at Caddo, was a work camp sent out from the Stringtown PW Camp. side of Tonkawa. In 1973 and1982 2,560 acres and 6,952 acres, respectively, were added, for a total of 33,027 acres. The camp had Some of the structures one death have been located. From 1942-1945, more than 400,000 POWs, mostly German, were housed in some 500 POW camps located in this country. camp was located in the National Guard Armory on the northeast corner of Front and Linden streets in Eufaula. were the greatest risk out of all the prisoners. It first appeared in the PMG reports on July Thiscamp was located at the Stringtown Correctional Facility, the same location of the Stringtown Alien InternmentCamp. , What was life like for the POWs in the camps? Kunze's note ended up with camp senior leader, Senior Sergeant Walter Beyer, a hardened Nazi. It first appeared in the PMG reports It's a Small size geocache, with difficulty of 1.5, terrain of 2. Between September 1942 and October 1943 contractors built base camps at Alva, Camp Gruber, Fort Reno, Fort Sill, McAlester, and Tonkawa. Originallya branch of the Alva PW Camp, it later became a branch of the Camp Gruber PW Camp. The other died from natural causes. Article from the "Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture". Approximately 1,000 POWs were held in the Upper Peninsula, while 5,000 were housed in the Lower Peninsula. The Oklahoma National Guard's Camp Gruber Maneuver Training Center is located 14 miles southeast of Muskogee, Oklahoma, on Oklahoma Route 10 in the Cookson Hills. Reports of three escapes and The large concrete water towers which doubled as guard towers at the camps at Alva, Ft. Reno, and Tonkawaare still standing at the sites of those camps. Between September 1942 and October 1943 The five men were hung at Fort Leavenworth MilitaryPenitentiary in July 1945, where they had been kept after conviction, and are buried in the Fort Leavenworth MilitaryCemetery. Chickasha (first a branch of the Alva camp and later of the Fort Reno camp) November 1944 to November 1945; 400. There were army hospitals located in both Chickasha (Borden General Hospital) The government also wanted the The first PWs arrived on October Located in the Old First National Bank Building in Madill, this camp opened on April 29, 1943,and closed on April 1, 1944. the government chose less populated areas to put internment camps because this would help with the initial problem. Camp 10, South River As hard as it may be to believe, there were at least two confirmed POW camps within Algonquin Park - possibly more. are buried in the National Cemetery at Ft. Sam Houston, Texas. Tonkawa was home to 3,000 German POWs, mostly from Erwin Rommel's Afrika Korps, along with 500 U.S. military personnel. It wasa branch of the Camp Howze PW Camp. A newspaper account indicatesthat sixty German PWs were confined there. Tipton PW CampThiscamp was located north of the railroad tracks between 2nd and 3rd streets on the southeast side of Tipton on afour acre tract that had been a Gulf Oil Company camp. Beyer convened The series Subject Correspondence Files Relating to the Construction of and Conditions in Prisoner of War Camps, 1942-1947 in Record Group 389 contains 14 files related to POW camps in Oklahoma, and the series Decimal Files, 1943-1946 includes 8 files related to Oklahoma. Reports seem Fort Sill February 1944 to July 1946; 1,834. on May 23, 1945, and last appeared on March 1, 1946. One PW escaped. The reasons for the Japanese behaving as they did were complex. Prisoner-of-war camps in the United States during World War II. "Tonkawa POW Camp," Vertical File, Northern Oklahoma College Library, Northern Oklahoma College, Tonkawa. guilty and sentenced to death. Thiscamp, a work camp from the McAlester PW Camp, was located in the Municipal Building at the northeast corner ofMain and Evans streets in Seminole. Operational 1942-1945, Located South of Alva, Oklahoma, Woods County It was called Nazilager . The greatestnumber of these are in the Post Cemetery at Ft. Reno, but three are buried in the Oak Hill Cemetery at McAlesterand two more are buried at Ft. Sill. All three were converted later to POW camps. a base camp that housed only officer PWs with a few enlisted men and non-commissioned officers who served as their During the course of World War II Camp Gruber providedtraining to infantry, field artillery, and tank destroyer units that went on to fight in Europe. deaths were reported - twenty-two PWs died from natural cause and six died as the result of battle wounds. Reports ofnine escapes have been found. The magazine continues: "Held from Jan. 17 to 18, 1944, the trial leaned over backward to be fair to the five The story of prisoner of war camps in Oklahoma actually predates the war, for as American Then in 1940, the Italian troops in Libya invaded Egypt,wanting to take control of the Suez Canal the British Army in Egypt repulsed the Italian attack and soon after,Hitler sent German troops to help out the Italians.. Horst Cunther. It first It first appeared in the PMG reports on August 30, 1943, and last appeared on September 1, 1945.It started as a base camp, but ended as a branch of the Alva PW Camp. Guidelines mandated placing the compounds away from urban, industrial areas for security purposes, in regions with mild climate to minimize construction costs, and at sites where POWs could alleviate an anticipated farm labor shortage. 1, Spring 1986], Five Nazis Sentenced to Death For Killing Companion in State, Source: Daily Oklahoman Feb. 1, 1945 Page 1. appeared in the PMG reports on April 1, 1944, and last appeared on December 15, 1945. The present camp coverseighty-seven square miles. : Scarborough House, 1996). At each camp, companies of U.S. Army military police patrolled perimeters, manned guard towers, escorted work detachments, and periodically searched barracks. Thirteen escapes were reported, and five behind barbed wire in Oklahoma. Corbett said that the base camp in Alva was specifically unique because it was used as the maximum security camp

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